{"id":1580,"date":"2026-03-25T17:12:03","date_gmt":"2026-03-25T17:12:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.viz-read.com\/cn\/erd-component-breakdown-entities-attributes-relationships\/"},"modified":"2026-03-25T17:12:03","modified_gmt":"2026-03-25T17:12:03","slug":"erd-component-breakdown-entities-attributes-relationships","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.viz-read.com\/cn\/erd-component-breakdown-entities-attributes-relationships\/","title":{"rendered":"ERD\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5206\u89e3\uff1a\u89e3\u6790\u5b9e\u4f53\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u5173\u7cfb"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2a\u5065\u58ee\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9700\u8981\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u56fe\u3002\u5b9e\u4f53-\u5173\u7cfb\u56fe\uff08ERD\uff09\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u84dd\u56fe\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u2014\u2014\u5b9e\u4f53\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u5173\u7cfb\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u672c\u6307\u5357\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67b6\u6784\u5960\u5b9a\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img alt=\"Hand-drawn infographic illustrating Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD) core components: entities shown as rectangles (Customer, Order, Product), attributes as ovals (simple, composite, multivalued, derived), and relationships as diamonds with crow's foot cardinality notation (1:1, 1:N, M:N); includes entity types (strong, weak, associative), key attributes (primary, foreign, unique), participation constraints, normalization stages (1NF-3NF), model evolution flow (conceptual\u2192logical\u2192physical), and a practical bookstore example with Book-Author-Customer relationships, all rendered in thick outline stroke aesthetic on warm paper background\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.viz-read.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/erd-components-infographic-hand-drawn-entities-attributes-relationships.jpg\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h2>\ud83c\udfd7\ufe0f \u4ec0\u4e48\u662fERD\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>ERD\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u89c6\u89c9\u5316\u8868\u793a\u3002\u5b83\u6982\u8ff0\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5143\u7d20\u53ca\u5176\u76f8\u4e92\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u89c6\u4e3a\u5efa\u7b51\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u8bbe\u8ba1\u56fe\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u662f\u5efa\u7b51\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5219\u662f\u5c45\u4f4f\u8005\u3002\u5b83\u5f25\u5408\u4e86\u62bd\u8c61\u4e1a\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\u4e0e\u5177\u4f53\u6280\u672f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8981\u4f18\u52bf\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6e05\u6670\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u5173\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u89c4\u5219\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4e00\u81f4\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6548\u7387\uff1a<\/strong>\u901a\u8fc7\u65e9\u671f\u53d1\u73b0\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u5f00\u53d1\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6c9f\u901a\uff1a<\/strong>\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u3001\u5206\u6790\u5e08\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u6240\u6709\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u7528\u8bed\u8a00\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\ud83d\udd11 \u7ec4\u4ef61\uff1a\u5b9e\u4f53<\/h2>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f53\u4ee3\u8868\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u5bf9\u8c61\u6216\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6784\u5efa\u5757\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u72ec\u7279\u4e14\u53ef\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1.1 \u5b9a\u4e49\u5b9e\u4f53<\/h3>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f53\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982<em>\u5ba2\u6237<\/em>, <em>\u8ba2\u5355<\/em>\uff0c\u6216<em>\u4ea7\u54c1<\/em>\u3002\u5728\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5\u77e9\u5f62\u8868\u793a\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u7ec4\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1.2 \u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u7c7b\u578b<\/h3>\n<p>\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u4f53\u90fd\u4ee5\u76f8\u540c\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd0\u4f5c\u3002\u533a\u5206\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5efa\u6a21\u590d\u6742\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5f3a\uff08\u5e38\u89c4\uff09\u5b9e\u4f53\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b83\u4eec\u72ec\u7acb\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e3b\u952e\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u5b9e\u4f53\u800c\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5f31\u5b9e\u4f53\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u7236\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u53cc\u7ebf\u77e9\u5f62\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5173\u8054\u5b9e\u4f53\uff1a<\/strong> \u8fd9\u4e9b\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u5173\u7cfb\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u5173\u7cfb\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5145\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u6865\u63a5\u8868\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u76f8\u5173\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u5916\u952e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>1.3 \u5b9e\u4f53\u8bc6\u522b<\/h3>\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff0c\u533a\u5206\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\u5c31\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u751f\u6210\u7684ID\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cUUID\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u7136\u952e\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u969c\u53f7\u7801\u3001ISBN\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u590d\u5408\u952e\uff08\u591a\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\ud83d\udcdd \u7ec4\u4ef62\uff1a\u5c5e\u6027<\/h2>\n<p>\u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u6216\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u662f\u4eba\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c5e\u6027\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u59d3\u540d\u3001\u5e74\u9f84\u548c\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u5b9e\u4f53\u77e9\u5f62\u7684\u692d\u5706\u6765\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2.1 \u5c5e\u6027\u5206\u7c7b<\/h3>\n<p>\u5c5e\u6027\u5728\u590d\u6742\u6027\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u5404\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7c7b\u522b\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7b80\u5355\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5212\u5206\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<em>\u5e74\u9f84<\/em>\u6216<em>\u989c\u8272<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u590d\u5408\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<em>\u5730\u5740<\/em>\u53ef\u4ee5\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a<em>\u8857\u9053<\/em>, <em>\u57ce\u5e02<\/em>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca<em>\u90ae\u653f\u7f16\u7801<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u591a\u503c\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u8be5\u5c5e\u6027\u62e5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<em>\u7535\u8bdd\u53f7\u7801<\/em>\u6216<em>\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u4f4d<\/em>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u53cc\u692d\u5706\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6d3e\u751f\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u7531\u5176\u4ed6\u5c5e\u6027\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f97\u51fa\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<em>\u5e74\u9f84<\/em>\u53ef\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c5e\u6027\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f97\u51fa\uff1a<em>\u51fa\u751f\u65e5\u671f<\/em>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7269\u7406\u5b58\u50a8\u4ee5\u8282\u7701\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2.2 \u5173\u952e\u5c5e\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>\u67d0\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u7279\u5b9a\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u4e0b\u8868\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u5173\u952e\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u952e\u7c7b\u578b<\/th>\n<th>\u529f\u80fd<\/th>\n<th>\u793a\u4f8b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4e3b\u952e<\/td>\n<td>\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u5ba2\u6237ID<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5916\u952e<\/td>\n<td>\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3b\u952e\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u94fe\u63a5\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u8ba2\u5355ID\uff08\u5728\u8ba2\u5355\u9879\u4e2d\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u552f\u4e00\u952e<\/td>\n<td>\u786e\u4fdd\u65e0\u91cd\u590d\u503c\uff0c\u4f46\u5141\u8bb8\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u5730\u5740<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5019\u9009\u952e<\/td>\n<td>\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u80fd\u5145\u5f53\u4e3b\u952e\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u8eab\u4efd\u8bc1\u53f7\uff0c\u62a4\u7167\u53f7\u7801<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>2.3 \u7a7a\u503c\u4e0e\u975e\u7a7a\u503c<\/h3>\n<p>\u7ea6\u675f\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u5426\u5fc5\u987b\u5305\u542b\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a<em>\u975e\u7a7a<\/em>\u7ea6\u675f\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e3b\u952e\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<em>\u7a7a\u503c<\/em> \u503c\u8868\u793a\u7f3a\u5931\u6216\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u903b\u8f91\u4e2d\u8c28\u614e\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\ud83d\udd17 \u7ec4\u4ef6 3\uff1a\u5173\u7cfb<\/h2>\n<p>\u5173\u7cfb\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u5982\u4f55\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u5728ERD\u4e2d\uff0c\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee5\u8fde\u63a5\u5b9e\u4f53\u77e9\u5f62\u7684\u83f1\u5f62\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3.1 \u57fa\u6570<\/h3>\n<p>\u57fa\u6570\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e0e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u8054\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5173\u7cfb\u5efa\u6a21\u4e2d\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\uff081:1\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b9e\u4f53A\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6070\u597d\u4e0e\u5b9e\u4f53B\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<em>\u4eba\u5458<\/em> \u5230 <em>\u62a4\u7167<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\uff081:N\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b9e\u4f53A\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e0e\u5b9e\u4f53B\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<em>\u90e8\u95e8<\/em> \u5230 <em>\u5458\u5de5<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\uff08M:N\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b9e\u4f53A\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e0e\u5b9e\u4f53B\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<em>\u5b66\u751f<\/em> \u5230 <em>\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/em>\u3002\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u8054\u5b9e\u4f53\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3.2 \u53c2\u4e0e\u7ea6\u675f<\/h3>\n<p>\u53c2\u4e0e\u6027\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u5b9e\u4f53\u662f\u5426\u5fc5\u987b\u53c2\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e2a\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5b8c\u5168\u53c2\u4e0e\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u53c2\u4e0e\u8be5\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u7528\u53cc\u7ebf\u8868\u793a\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a<em>\u8ba2\u5355<\/em> \u81f3\u5c11\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a <em>\u5ba2\u6237<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u90e8\u5206\u53c2\u4e0e\uff1a<\/strong> \u67d0\u4e9b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002\u7528\u5355\u6761\u7ebf\u8868\u793a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a<em>\u5458\u5de5<\/em>\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709<em>\u914d\u5076<\/em>\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3.3 \u5173\u7cfb\u7c7b\u578b<\/h3>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u57fa\u6570\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5173\u7cfb\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5176\u6027\u8d28\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u7c7b\u578b<\/th>\n<th>\u63cf\u8ff0<\/th>\n<th>\u793a\u4f8b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6807\u8bc6\u6027<\/td>\n<td>\u5f31\u5b9e\u4f53\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5f3a\u5b9e\u4f53\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u5176\u8eab\u4efd\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u5b50\u5b9e\u4f53\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7236\u5b9e\u4f53<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u975e\u6807\u8bc6\u6027<\/td>\n<td>\u5173\u7cfb\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f46\u5b50\u5b9e\u4f53\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u7ecf\u7406\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5de5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u9012\u5f52<\/td>\n<td>\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e0e\u81ea\u8eab\u76f8\u5173\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u5458\u5de5\u76d1\u7763\u5458\u5de5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\ud83d\udcca \u7ec4\u4ef64\uff1a\u7b26\u53f7\u98ce\u683c<\/h2>\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u903b\u8f91\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u4f46\u89c6\u89c9\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u98ce\u683c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u9605\u8bfb\u4e0d\u540c\u56e2\u961f\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>4.1 \u9e22\u5c3e\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u98ce\u683c\u3002\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u6761\u3001\u5706\u5708\u548c\u9e22\u5c3e\u7b26\u53f7\uff08\u4e09\u6761\u7ebf\uff09\u7b49\u7b26\u53f7\u6765\u8868\u793a\u57fa\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u4e00\u6761\u7ebf\uff1a<\/strong>\u5fc5\u9009\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5706\u5708\uff1a<\/strong>\u53ef\u9009\uff08\u96f6\u4e2a\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9e22\u5c3e\u7b26\u53f7\uff1a<\/strong> \u5f88\u591a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>4.2 \u9648\u6c0f\u8bb0\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<p>\u4ee5\u5b9e\u4f53\u5173\u7cfb\u56fe\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u8005\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u9648\u547d\u540d\u3002\u5b83\u7528\u77e9\u5f62\u8868\u793a\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u83f1\u5f62\u8868\u793a\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u692d\u5706\u8868\u793a\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bb0\u6cd5\u66f4\u4e3a\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5b66\u672f\u573a\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>4.3 UML \u7c7b\u56fe<\/h3>\n<p>\u7edf\u4e00\u5efa\u6a21\u8bed\u8a00\u56fe\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e13\u4e3a\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5305\u542b\u53ef\u89c1\u6027\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff08+\u3001-\u3001#\uff09\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\ud83d\udee0\ufe0f \u7ec4\u4ef6 5\uff1a\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u4e0e\u5b9e\u4f53\u5173\u7cfb\u56fe<\/h2>\n<p>\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u662f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u5197\u4f59\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5b9e\u4f53\u5173\u7cfb\u56fe\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>5.1 \u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u7b2c\u4e00\u8303\u5f0f\uff081NF\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u786e\u4fdd\u503c\u4e3a\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u3002\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u7ec4\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8303\u5f0f\uff082NF\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u6d88\u9664\u90e8\u5206\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\u6240\u6709\u975e\u952e\u5c5e\u6027\u5fc5\u987b\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6574\u4e2a\u4e3b\u952e\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7b2c\u4e09\u8303\u5f0f\uff083NF\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u6d88\u9664\u4f20\u9012\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\u975e\u952e\u5c5e\u6027\u4e0d\u5e94\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u975e\u952e\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>5.2 \u5bf9\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/h3>\n<p>\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u8868\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u67e5\u8be2\u53d8\u5f97\u590d\u6742\u3002\u5b9e\u4f53\u5173\u7cfb\u56fe\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u8fd9\u79cd\u6743\u8861\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u5728\u4f55\u5904\u9700\u8981\u8fde\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u624d\u80fd\u83b7\u53d6\u5b8c\u6574\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u26a0\ufe0f \u5e38\u89c1\u9677\u9631<\/h2>\n<p>\u5373\u4f7f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u4e5f\u4f1a\u72af\u9519\u3002\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u672a\u6765\u7684\u6280\u672f\u503a\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u540d\u79f0\u6a21\u7cca\uff1a<\/strong> \u4f7f\u7528\u8bf8\u5982 <em>\u6570\u636e<\/em> \u6216 <em>\u4fe1\u606f<\/em> \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u672f\u8bed\u4f1a\u4f7f\u6a21\u578b\u96be\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u5982 <em>\u4e8b\u52a1\u65e5\u5fd7<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7f3a\u5931\u57fa\u6570\uff1a<\/strong> \u5fd8\u8bb0\u5b9a\u4e49\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u8fd8\u662f\u5fc5\u9009\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5faa\u73af\u4f9d\u8d56\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b9e\u4f53 A \u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e B\uff0c\u800c B \u53c8\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e A\u3002\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5f15\u64ce\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8fc7\u5ea6\u89c4\u8303\u5316\uff1a<\/strong> \u521b\u5efa\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u8868\u4f1a\u4f7f\u67e5\u8be2\u53d8\u6162\u3002\u5e94\u5e73\u8861\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u4e0e\u6027\u80fd\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e1a\u52a1\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u56fe\u8868\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u672a\u80fd\u53cd\u6620\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u4ecd\u53ef\u80fd\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\ud83d\ude80 \u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h2>\n<p>\u9075\u5faa\u6807\u51c6\u53ef\u786e\u4fdd\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u548c\u534f\u4f5c\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>6.1 \u547d\u540d\u89c4\u8303<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u662f\u5173\u952e\u3002\u6240\u6709\u540d\u79f0\u90fd\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u590d\u6570\u4e0e\u5355\u6570\uff1a<\/strong> \u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u79cd\u5e76\u575a\u6301\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<em>Customer<\/em> \u4e0e <em>Customers<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\uff1a<\/strong> \u4f7f\u7528 <em>snake_case<\/em> \u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5217\u540d\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<em>customer_id<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u524d\u7f00\uff1a<\/strong> \u6807\u660e\u8868\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<em>tbl_<\/em> \u6216 <em>dim_<\/em>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>6.2 \u6587\u6863\u5316<\/h3>\n<p>ERD \u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\uff0c\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ea6\u675f\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u56fe\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u8ddf\u8e2a\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>6.3 \u5ba1\u67e5\u5468\u671f<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u5ba1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7edd\u4e0d\u8981\u6700\u7ec8\u786e\u5b9a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6280\u672f\u8bc4\u5ba1\uff1a<\/strong> \u68c0\u67e5\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u548c\u952e\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e1a\u52a1\u8bc4\u5ba1\uff1a<\/strong> 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